Budget of Lesson for Tle free essay sample

Personal Entrepreneurial Competencies (PECS) Learners will know: a. Personal Entrepreneurial Competencies (PECS) ? Characteristics ? Attributes ? Lifestyles ? Skills ? Traits b. Successful entrepreneurs/practitioners in the community 7. Organization of an Enterprise Learners will know: a. Environment and Market ? Consumers’ needs and wants ? Industry that relates with a career choice ? Product/service that satisfies the needs and wants of customers ? Organization of an enterprise ? Legal form of business ownership ? Legal requirements and regulations ? Start-up capital ? Business location ? Store Layout ? 4 M’s of production ? Marketing strategy ? Record keeping, bookkeeping and other financial procedures ? Process and delivery ? Product and performance 8. Basic Concepts and Process in Desktop Publishing Learners will know: ? Overview of natures and concept of Desktop Publishing (DTP) ? Key process, ways and procedures when using a Desktop Publishing software ? Basic parts and functions of: ? Menu bar; ? Standard toolbar; ? Formatting toolbar; ? Drawing toolbar; ? Task pane; ? Ruler, etc. 9. Overview on Desktop Publication Software Learners will know: ? History of Desktop Publishing Software ? Different types of Desktop Publishing Software ? Overview of Microsoft Publisher 2007 ? Principles of Designing a publication 10. We will write a custom essay sample on Budget of Lesson for Tle or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Overview on Desktop Publication Software Learners will know: ? Icon in objects toolbar Time Frame 1-9 days 14-16 days 5 days 5 9 days 5 9 days ? ? ? ? Identify the available options within the different icons in objects toolbar ? Give the function and importance of each icon Icons in Picture Toolbar ? Identify the available options within the different icons in picture toolbar ? Give the function and importance of each icon Format Publication Task Pane ? Identify the different options available in Page options, Color Schemes, Font Schemes, and Newsletter Options. Procedure in inserting and editing clip arts Procedure in Printing ? Parts of Print Dialog box ? Printing options ? FOURTH GRADING January 2012 to March 2012 Topics 11. Personal Entrepreneurial Competencies (PECS) Learners will know: a. Personal Entrepreneurial Competencies (PECS) ? Characteristics ? Attributes ? Lifestyles ? Skills ? Traits b. Successful entrepreneurs/practitioners in the community 12. Organization of an Enterprise Learners will know: a. Environment and Market ? Consumers’ needs and wants ? Industry that relates with a career choice ? Product/service that satisfies the needs and wants of customers ? Organization of an enterprise ? Legal form of business ownership ? Legal requirements and regulations ? Start-up capital ? Business location ? Store Layout ? 4 M’s of production ? Marketing strategy ? Record keeping, bookkeeping and other financial procedures ? Process and delivery ? Product and performance 13. Nature and Scope of Internet and E-mail Learners will know: ? History/timeline, concepts and terminologies used in discussing Internet and E-mail ? Fundamentals of Internet and E-mail Time Frame 1-9 days 14-16 days 5 7 days ? Technology used in Internet and E-mail protocols and structure ? Hardware and software that operate the Internet 14. Connecting with Others(Web Browsing On-line Research) Learners will know: ? Fundamentals of web browsers, web address and search engines ? Types of browsers, web address and search engines ? Different search commands and phrases used in Internet ? Steps in searching the Internet ? Business opportunities in web browsing and on line research 15. Using E-mail Learners will know: ? Concepts and principles related to E-mail ? Different E-mail accounts ? Message format and message field in E-mail ? Composing and writing the message body of E-mail ? Pros and cons of using E-mail ? E-mail attachments 16. Creating a Blog Site Learners will know: ? Concepts and principles related to blog site ? Different sample of blog sites ? Basic features of blog sites ? Steps in creating blog sites ? Uses of a blog site 8 days 6 days 6 days

The natural 2

The natural 2 Only a few characters have the power to catch the reader's interest to the extent that they are unforgettable. In The Natural, Roy Hobbs proves to be a memorable character in many ways. His determination makes him to be noticed. His sense of honor and pride are part of his remarkable character. Ray is an athlete born with rare talents, abilities, and love for the game of baseball, which makes him unforgettable.Determination can influence many people to strive for goals. Roy Hobbs was determined to the best player in baseball. When he was just nineteen years old and had not played baseball for an organized team, he wanted to "break every record in the book for throwing and hitting." p.g.30 He had no previous experience of playing baseball, except with his dad and in high school. When Ray was in the hospital, he was resolute on getting out and playing in the playoff game.The Doctor told him that "it would be best for Roy to say goodbye forever to baseball, if he hoped to stay alive." p .g. 212 However, he could not conceive not playing baseball ever again. He even sneaked out of the hospital to practice "so, he would have his eye and timing alert for the playoff." p.g.214 He was determined to play baseball again, win the playoff game and, eventually, win the World Series.ÂÆ'‚‚ ÂÆ'‚‚ ÂÆ'‚‚ ÂÆ'‚‚ ÂÆ'‚‚ ÂÆ'‚‚ ÂÆ'‚‚ ÂÆ'‚‚ Honor and pride was important to Roy Hobbs. Roy was proud of himself, before he became a professional player. He commented " when I walk down the street I bet people will say there goes Roy Hobbs, the best there ever was in the game." p.g.31 He was proud of himself which helped him to strive for his dreams. . He did not care much of the wealth; to him it...

FEMINIST THOUGHT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

FEMINIST THOUGHT - Essay Example he was in favor of equality between men and women, was against discrimination, and her harsh life experiences transformed her to a feminist with a different viewpoint on equality. As pointed out, Sojourner Truth fought for the wellbeing of women and to hinder the progress of social evil barriers like discrimination and marginalization in the society. She spoke about anti-slavery and womens rights, often giving personal testimony about her experiences as a slave. She strongly argued against the inequality among man and women in the name of gender status, and male supremacy. Joy Hakim points out that â€Å"She works for womens rights, black peoples rights, prison to reform, and temperance† (N.pag.). While there, she tried to challenge discrimination based on racial identity. As a womens rights activist, Truth faced additional burdens that white women did not have, plus the challenge of combating a suffrage movement which did not want to be linked to anti-slavery causes, believing it might hurt their cause. Yet, Truth prevailed, traveling thousands of miles making powerful speeches against inequality among men and women, slavery, and for womens suffrage. Besides, and she preached a combination of feminist Christianity, abolition, inequality and women’s rights. In general, Truths view of the social relation of the sexes differed totally from the prevailing philosophy that women should be a silent, or should be placed on pedestals. If institutions in the public sphere, such as the courts, were not fit places for women, she thought they were unfit for men as well. She declared she could work as much as a man. In her 1867 speech, she claimed to be over eighty years old, and said that she would live more years to see women get their rights man is so selfish that he has got women’s rights and his own, too, and yet he would not allow women to enjoy their rights. Personally, I consider that life experiences transformed Sojourner Truth to an activist. Truth was a lover

Review of three political classic film Research Paper

Review of three political classic film - Research Paper Example With the fall of Berlin Wall, Capitalism had been advanced in East Berlin and Alex becomes unemployed only to meet Denis Domaschke, a filmmaker who becomes his ally. Christiane recuperates after eight months in grave health still traumatised from the events that she had faced. To protect her mother, Alex attempts to conceal the newly presented unjust Germany from her mother who had been emotionally affected. Christiane had been the victim in the movie who underwent a series of tragedies after her husband abandons her. Ariane, Alex and his girlfriend Lara had formulated the plan to conceal the changes that had occurred in the government into a dictatorial regime, when they had confined her to her bedroom. East Germany had been connected with the West on the fall of the Berlin wall, and capitalism shaping the society that the families dominated (Becker, 2003). The movie depicts the contradiction of the expected life by personalities like Alex who experienced an oppressive society after advocating for the demolition of the Berlin wall. The unity in the two regions had been presented in the movie using Christiane who died after the official reunification of Germany (Becker, 2003). Western Germany had been considered the venue that presented more challenges to individuals and Christiane evaded transporting his children to the state joining, the Socialists to offer protection to her family. Even with the unity, variable rules are still prohibited, and the family has to break the law in spreading Christiane’s ashes in the wind. The battle of Algiers 1966 The movie had been created to suggest the tension that had existed between Algerians and the French in the quest to articulate justice. This action had been the norm presented in the nations that had the desire to achieve self-governance and liberation. However, with the dominant nations, the challenge presented had been in the expertise and the skills available to achieve the witnessed victory. The Algerians h ad opted to use massive tactics and bombs as compared to the ruling French who included torture as a means in exerting their dominance. The events in the story are told through the memory of Ali, who had been a key member within the Algerian Front de Liberation Nationale (FLN). He had been captured in 1957 following the attempt by the French to impose their rule (Pontecorvo, 1996). Earlier, Ali who had been a criminal within his society joined the group in the attempt to obtain liberalization. The rebel groups formed led to a national movement that saw unity developed in the attempt to rid the foreign rule. The majority of the casualty had been French police officers that saw retaliation of the massive massacre of Algerians. The events led to revenge killings that summed in Colonel Mathieu leading the efforts to destroy NFL. Ali remained the last NFL member to be captured, and he had been assassinated after the flashback. The NFL efforts had been noticed in 1962, when Algerians mana ged to be self governed. Dr. Stangelove The movie suggest the bureaucracy that had existed within the United States and the Soviet Union with the inclusion of the nuclear technology. The commanding General, Jack Ripper ordered his B52 squad to overturn the agreement and attack the Soviet Union. The events see the General protect the base through formulating a barrier against the external environment. The other participant in Leper Colony failed to acknowledge the actions that ordered the attack until the

Manifesto of the Communist Party Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Manifesto of the Communist Party - Essay Example sie from its birth till now and resultant reaction of the proletariat due to changed circumstances, as the time passed, brought about by industrial progress, bringing resultant changes in perspectives, new values, new world communities, breaking local, state and national boundaries in the happening of modern industry. As the above passage is based on the Manifesto of the Communist Party, it is very important to understand the concepts of bourgeoisie and proletariat from their point of view. In a way, it is an example of human war against oppression of any kind; only methods of fighting are different as the time changes. The ghost of communism haunts the whole of Europe. A blame game prevails in the corridors of political parties – blaming each other, whether ruling or in opposition, of practicing communism. The best way to know communism is through its manifesto, available in different European languages, so that this ghost disappears in the thin air. Since the existence of society, there have been only two classes – the oppressors and the oppressed, whatever the profession. This class distinction of society, earlier based on feudalism, is present now in new forms of bourgeoisie – the oppressor and proletariat – the oppressed. The elements of bourgeoisie were there in the slavery of the Middle Ages from which developed burghers. Later, with the passing of time, the industrial revolution changed the whole scenario, compelling feudal society to change with the times according to the needs of the industrial revolution worldwide, giving birth to a new industrial middle class. Manufacturing at large scale paved the way for a new class relation – division of labor, new machines, steam, and ever-increasing industrial market gave birth to bigger production units, resulting in industry millionaires – the modern bourgeois. Thus, the modern bourgeois came into being after a series of revolutions in the way s of production and exchange of commerce goods by means

Streptozotocin (STZ) Induced Diabetes Experiment

Streptozotocin (STZ) Induced Diabetes Experiment MATERIALS AND METHODS 3. MATERIALS AND METHODS 3.1 Animal Selection and Care STZ induced diabetes are commonly performed in Male Wistar Kyoto rats. In these models, male Wistar rats at 8 weeks of age (200–300 g) are selected from animal supply facility of SGPGIMS Lucknow, and house in a 12-h light, 12-h dark cycle environment, temperature 25 °C, with standard rat diet and water in metabolic cages for one week prior to STZ treatments. The study had clearance from Institute animal ethics committee. 3.2 Study Design Wistar Rat (Preparation and Validation of animal model of DN) 50 mg/kg STZ induced Diabetic Rat (n=3) Normal Rat (n=3) After 8th week rat are sacrificed for validation of Diabetic nephropathy 3.3 Induction and Validation of Diabetes by Streptozotocin There is a lack of appropriate animal model that could spontaneously develop DN. It has been a significant limitation to find out specific factors that is underlying this disease and also the development of new therapeutic methods or strategies to prevent progressive renal disease in diabetes (Morcelo A. Nobrega et. al. 2004). Most Sprague-Dawley (SD), Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats are used as model for performing STZ-induced diabetic nephropathy. Here, in these models, 8 weeks old male rats (200-250gm) are starved or kept on fasting for 18hrs and after that STZ was injected intraperitoneal (WKY-50mg/kg, SD-55mg/kg and SHR-45mg/kg) with sodium citrate buffer (1ml/kg) (Ma G et. al. 2004 and Cooper ME et. al. 1988). STZ given here intraperitoneally to the rats, however, it is a very less common procedure as intravenous injections are comparatively easy to perform in rats and give more reliable results. In addition to the STZ dosage required for inducing diabetes via an intraperitoneal route is relatively higher as compared to other route. After giving STZ, the rats should be given ample amount of drinking water with sucrose for 48 hrs (15g/L), to avoid early mortality of rats as stored insulin is released from damaged pancreatic Islets of Langerhans. After completion of 1 week of STZ induction, the rats must be assessed for hyperglycaemia and also those with fasting blood glucose of over 280 mg/dl (15 mmol/L), which is usually around 90%, and it should be included in the studies of diabetic nephropathy. In order to prevent subsequent development of ketone uria, subsequent injections of long-acting insulin (approx. 2-4 U/rat) should be given daily to maintain the blood glucose levels in a desirable range(300-600 mg/dl, 16-33 mmol/l) (Davis BJ et. al. 2003). Studies exploring the effects of treatment on the development of DN should not be underway until at least 3 weeks after STZ when the kidneys have improved from the acute mild nephrotoxic effects of STZ (Kraynak AR et . al. 1995) This drug i.e., STZ has been shown to induce a diabetic state in 72 hrs (3 days) as documented by examining tail blood samples using a Glucometer (Optimum Exceed) Diabetic animals and non-diabetic control group were kept in metabolic cages individually and separately and under feeding and metabolism control. Glucose in the blood of diabetic rats exceeded that of the non-diabetic control ones. Food consumption was measured in terms of (gm), water consumption was measured in terms of (ml) and urine volume was measured in terms of (ml) on a daily basis and glucose in blood serum were also measured, so that chemical diabetes was verified in rats injected with Streptozotocin. 3.4 Estimation of Creatinine Modified Jaffe’s method was used for colorimetric estimation of creatinine concentration in urine samples. Principle: Creatinine + picric acid Creatinine picrate (Yellow) (Orange) The resultant orange color is measured colorimetrically. However, the intensity of the resultant orange color is directly proportional to the concentration of creatinine in the sample. Method: Draw the Blood from a vein and then transferred into the vial. Centrifuge the blood for 10 minutes and Serum is obtained. Separate out the serum in different eppendrofs. The concentration of creatinine is calculated in the serum sample using the Jaffe’s method, as follows: In a clean dry test tube add 0.5 ml distilled water (blank) or serum (test), add 0.5 ml NaOH and then 0.5 ml picric acid. Mix all the contents of each tube. Left to stand for 15 minutes. The absorbance is measured at ÃŽ »max 500 nm. If a standard creatinine solution (0.55 mg/dl) has an absorbance value of 0.30, then the concentration of creatinine in the provided serum sample is calculated by using the following equation: Ctest = Cstd x 3.5 Estimation of Urinary Albumin Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detection of rat albumin in serum, plasma or urine. Other biological fluids that contain Rat Albumin, such as faeces or saliva, may be suitable samples. 3.5.1 Principle: The antigen present in urine sample are allowed to stick to a poly vinyl and then plate is washed to separate antigen and antibodies from remaining sample components. To this plate a corresponding second antibody is added to get fixed to the already adhered first antigen in the plate. To this added second antibody, an enzyme is also tagged is that, when a suitable substrate is added, the enzyme reacts with it to produce a colour. This colour produced is measurable as a function or quantity of antigen present in the urine sample and there by identified. 3.5.2 Chemical and material required: 96-well plate ELISA Coating Buffer ELISA Wash Solution ELISA Blocking Buffer Sample/Conjugate Diluent (ELISA Blocking Buffer + Tween 20) 10% Tween 20 Enzyme Substrate, TMB ELISA Stop Solution Additional Materials Required: Ultrapure water Precision pipettors, with disposable plastic tips Polypropylene, polyethylene or glass tubes to prepare standard and samples Containers to prepare buffers An aspiration device or an automated 96-well plate washer Disposable reagent reservoirs A standard microtiter plate reader for measuring absorbance at 450 nm 3.5.3 Procedure: Added 100  µl of diluted coating antibody to each well. Samples were run in duplicate. Incubated at room temperature (20-25 C) for 1 hour. Washed plate FIVE times. Added 200  µl of Blocking Solution to each well. Incubated at room temperature for 30 minutes. Washed plate FIVE times. Added 100  µl of standard or sample to well. Incubated at room temperature for 1 hour. Washed plate FIVE times. Added 100  µl of diluted HRP detection antibody to each well. Incubated at room temperature for 1 hour. Washed plate FIVE times. Added 100  µl of TMB Substrate Solution to each well. Developed the plate in the dark at room temperature for 15 minutes. Reaction was stopped by adding 100  µl of Stop Solution to each well. Absorbance was measured on a plate reader at 450 nm. 3.5.4 Precautions: Store all reagents at 2-8 ºC. Do not freeze reagents. All reagents must be at room temperature (20-25  ºC) before use. Vigorous plate washing is essential. Use new disposable pipette tips for each transfer to avoid cross-contamination. Minimize lag time between wash steps to ensure the plate does not become Completely dry during the assay. Avoid microbial contamination of reagents and equipment. Automated plate Washers can easily become contaminated thereby causing assay variability. Take care not to contaminate the TMB Solution. Do not expose TMB Substrate solution to glass, foils, or metal. If the solution is blue before use, do not use it 3.6 Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Rats are fasted overnight (12-16 hours) before the test, sedated rats, will be given 50 % dextrose (3ml/kg body weight) intraperitoneally. Whole blood will be collected from the tail vein at 0, 15, 30, 60, 120, and 180 min after the administered of glucose for the measurement of glucose with a glucometer. 3.6.1 Material Required: Glucometer and glucose strips Dextrose Gauge needles Timer and Pen Table of mice for record keeping of glucose values 3.6.2 Preparations before the test: Weigh the animals before the test. The animals are fasted overnight (approximately 16 hours: 5 pm to 9 am). Place each of the animals in a separate fresh cage with no food, but make sure they have water bottles. Make sure that there is no activity in the animal room before and while you are performing the test. Prepare the glucose solution the night before the test. 3.6.3 Procedure: After the overnight fast, blood glucose was determined (time 0) in a drop of blood as following: Rats were placed on top of the cage (let it hold onto the grid). The tail tip was pricked with a needle, wiped off the tail tip with gauze, and the next drop of blood was used for the determination of glucose with a glucometer. Glucose solution was given orally. Blood glucose was determined at 10, 20, 30, 60, 90 and 120 min after the administration of glucose. For the determination of glucose at each of these time points collected a drop of blood as following: wiped the cut end of the tail to break any blood clot that had formed and collected the next drop of blood. If the blood does not appear spontaneously â€Å"milk† the tail by holding the tail between your thumb and index finger and move along the tail from the base of the tail to the tip of the tail while applying gentle pressure. 3.7 Assessment of Renal Histopathological Injury 3.7.1 Tissue preparation for histology: After 8 weeks the rats were weighed, sacrificed out in accordance to the Institutional animal ethics committee by using suitable anaesthetic agent (Ketamine) and their kidneys were taken out. Left kidneys were perfusion fixed for Histopathological and IHC studies and right kidneys were freezed immediately for western blotting and RT-PCR. Preparation of paraffin blocks of kidney: Kidneys were preserved in Para- formaldehyde is taken out in a glass slab for sectioning. A two cross section of upper half of kidney was done with sterile blade for paraffin embedding. The whole process for preparation of paraffin blocks took two days. Day first: The Formalin fixed kidneys were picked up and place in plastic cassettes was sequentially dipped in alcohol for dehydration. The schedule is as followed: 50% Alcohol →1.5hrs 70%Alcohol →1 hrs. 80% Alcohol →1 hrs. 90% Alcohol →1hrs 100% Alcohol →1hrs (twice) The cassette containing the tissue was left overnight in 100% absolute alcohol. Day Second: On 2nd day we perform the following treatment to tissue containing cassette Cassette was removed from 100% alcohol and dipped for CHCl3 treatments Chloroform (A) 1.5 hours. Chloroform (B) 1.5 hours. Chloroform (C) 1.5 hours. The cassette was then kept in melted paraffin wax (at 58 °C 65 °C in water bath) following two changes of paraffin wax for proper blocking. The steel chocks are kept at the 65 °C electronic heater and the paraffin treated kidney in plastic cassettes are opened and place in pre-heated steel chocks together with melted paraffin wax and closed with cassette. Block was kept at room temperature to solidify the melted wax. The paraffin block containing tissue was sectioned with microtome. The block was fit properly in the Microtome machine 5 µ sections were cut. 3.8 Periodic Schiff’s Acid (PAS) Staining 3.8.1 Principle: PAS (Periodic Acid Schiff) is a method of staining used for the detection of polysaccharides i.e., glycogen and mucosubstances that is glycoprotein’s and glycolipids. PAS stain is a histochemical reaction. In the reaction, periodic acid oxidises vicinal diols in these sugar. It oxidized the aldehyde formed by carbon-carbon bonding that react with fuchsin-sulphurous acid and forms the magenta colour. This periodic acid exposes the glycogen to give a colouring product. The Schiff’s reagent is a very specific agent that only reacts with the carboxylic group compounds. Material required: Glass slides and cover slips Poly Lysine (Sigma Aldrich, USA) Xylene Graduated Alcohol (30%, 50%, 70%, 90% and 100%) Periodic acid Schiff Reagent Haematoxylin Acid alcohol (1% HCl in 70% alcohol) DPX mountant 3.8.3 Protocol for PAS Staining: Keep the Poly-Lysine coated slides on hot plate for 15-20 min. Dip in warm Xylene for 10 min twice. Pass the slide through graded alcohol 100% alcohol- (10 minutes) twice 90% alcohol (5 minutes) 70% alcohol (5 minutes) 50% alcohol (5 minutes) 30% alcohol (5 minutes) Dip in distilled water for 5 min. Place the slide containing section into 0.5 % Periodic acid for 5 minutes. Rinse with distilled water. Schiff Reagent was added for 10 min until deep magenta colour appear. Wash in running tap water for 5 min. Counter stain in haematoxylin Rinse with distilled water. If high stain come, then wash with acid alcohol (1% HCl+70% alcohol) Wash the slide in tap water. Dehydrate in alcohol, and dry the slides. After drying mount the slides by DPX mountant. Masson’s Trichrome Staining 3.9.1 Principle: MT Staining method is used to demonstrate the increase of collagen in diseases. This method of staining uses three dyes of contrasting colours for the selective staining of basic tissue components i.e., muscle, collagen fibers, fibrin, and erythrocytes. The general phenomenon of trichome staining is that smallest dye molecule colours or stains the less porous tissues. However, the penetration of dye of larger molecular size is depends on the expense of small molecules. Some others suggests that the acid dye firstly stained the tissue then the Biebrich Scarlet will binds with the acidophilic components of the tissue, after which when treated with the phosphor acids, the components that are less permeable will retain the red colour, because of the collagen this red colour is pulled out and at the same point of time causing a link with the collagen to bind with the aniline blue. . At the outset it must be made clear that the methods control how ionised acid dyes react with ionised basic tissues. 3.9.2 Material required: Bouin’s solution Xylene Graduated Alcohol (30%, 50%, 70%, 90% and 100%) Weigert’s iron hematoxylin solution Biebrich scarlet acid fusin phosphomolybedic-phosphotungustic acid solution Aniline blue solution 3.9.3 Protocol for MT Staining: Keep the Poly-Lysine coated slides on hot plate for 15-20 min. Dip in warm Xylene for 10 min twice. Pass the slide through graded alcohol 100% alcohol- (10 minutes) twice 90% alcohol (5 minutes) 70% alcohol (5 minutes) 50% alcohol (5 minutes) 30% alcohol (5 minutes) Dip in distilled water for 5 min. For formalin fixed tissue, re-fix in Bouin’s Solution for 30 minutes to 1 hr. at 56 ºC to improve the staining quality although this step is not necessary. Rinse in running tap water for 5-10 minutes to remove the yellow color. Stain in Weigert’s iron hematoxylin working solution for 10 minutes. Rinse in running warm tap water for 10 minutes. Wash in D/W Stain with Biebrich Scarlet Acid Fusin for 5 minutes. Differentiate in phosphophosphomolybedic-phosphotungustic acid solution for 10-15 minutes. Transfer the section directly (without rinse) to aniline blue solution and stain for 5-10 minutes. Rinse directly in D/W and differentiate in 1% Acetic acid solution for 2 minutes. Rinse slides, dehydrate through Alcohol Clean slides in xylene Mount with DPX mountant. NoteNuclei-Black, Muscle Fibre-Red, Collagen-Blue, Cytoplasm-Red Modified Immunohistochemistry 3.10.1 Principle: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is the process whereby antibodies are used to detect proteins (antigens) in cells within a tissue section (for instance liver, pancreas or the heart). Immunohistochemistry exploits the principle that in biological tissues antibody binds to the specific antigens. This tool is used to localize specific antigens in tissue sections with labelled antibodies based on antigen-antibody interactions. This antigen-antibody interaction can be visualized in number of ways i.e., the immune reactive products can be visualized by a marker including fluorescent dyes, enzymes in general; radioactive elements or colloidal gold. This IHC technique is widely used by the researcher in basic research for understanding the differentially expressed proteins and for the localization and distribution of biomarkers in different- different parts of biological tissues. 3.10.2 Material required: Poly-Lysine coated slide. Xylene 1X- PBS buffer.(Sigma Aldrich Inc., USA) Graduated Alcohol (30%, 50%, 70%, 90% and 100%) DPX mountant for microscopy Acid alcohol (1% HCl in 70% alcohol) citrate buffer Sodium Borohydrate Hydrogen Peroxide Blocking solution Primary antibody Secondary antibody Streptovidin HRP 3.10.3 Protocol for Modified Immunohistochemistry: Cut the section of 3 to 5  µm. Warm the slide on hot plate (55 °c) for 30’. Dip the slide in warm Xylene twice for 10 minutes. Wash the slides three times in TBS or PBS for 5 minutes each. Dehydration using 100% Alcohol twice for 10 minutes each and 90, 80, 40, 50 and 30 percent for 5’ each in coupling jar. Wash thrice in TBS or PBS for 5 minutes each. Antigen retrieval -10 minutes for 98 °c in citrate buffer pH-6 (Note: 0.294 gm in 100 ml MQ with pH=6, 1 10mm citrate buffer) Here we are using pressure cooker for Antigen retrieval Cool the citrate Buffer slides. Give the Sodium Borohydrate treatment in coupling jar (To remove Background). (Dark Condition) (Note:- 1% NaBH4) Wash slides thrice in TBS or PBS for 5 minute each. Hydrogen Peroxide Blocking (3% H2O2 in Methanol or water –Dip the slides in it and keep it for 30’). Wash thrice in TBS or PBS for 5 minutes each. Blocking solution[0.3% Triton X and 5% sheep serum in 1xPBS or 1xTBS] For 2ml (6 µl Triton, 100  µl sheep serum, 19 of 94  µl (1xPBS or 1xTBS)) 14. Blocking for 30minutes at 37 °c in lab (some time 1hour also) Wash the slides thrice in TBS or PBS for 5’ each. Primary antibody in TBS or PBS solution, left overnight at 4 °c (Note: 1:200 dilution for fibronectin 1:500 dilution of Collagen IV). Wash the slides thrice in 1xTBS or 1xPBS Secondary antibody added on slide and keep it for 30’ to 1hour. But parafilm on it. (Note: 1:200 dilution) Wash the slide thrice in 1xTBSor 1XPBS for 5 minutes. Streptovidin HRP (1:200) in 1xTBS or 1xPBS for 20 minutes at Room temperature. Three wash in 1xTBS 5 minutes each. DAB (Till color in Brown) (15 minutes) 23.1xPBS (5minutes) wash 24. Counterstain for 30 seconds with Hematoxylene (Directly put on slide) 25. 1xTBS or PBS immediate wash 26. Dehydrate and dry and mount

Morality and Immorality in Othello Essay -- Othello essays

Morality and Immorality in Othello      Ã‚  Ã‚   William Shakespeare’s tragic drama Othello presents to the audience a picture of many different shades of morality and immorality. It is the purpose of this essay to elaborate in detail on this thesis.    Roderigo’s opening lines to Iago in Act 1 Scene 1 take us to the very root of the problem:      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Tush! never tell me; I take it much unkindly   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   That thou, Iago, who hast had my purse   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   As if the strings were thine, shouldst know of this. (1.1)    In other words, the wealthy playboy has been paying off the ancient for the soldier’s intercession with Desdemona on behalf of Roderigo. This payoff has been in progress before the play begins, and it continues throughout, even in Cyprus, until the end. Yes, it would seem that money is at the root of all the tragic misfortune in this drama. In order to assure that Roderigo’s   gifts, both in the form of money and jewelry, continue to himself, he initiates an intrigue which begins with the late-night storming of Brabantio’s residence, and ends with the deaths of Roderigo, Desdemona, Othello and Emilia.    The intrigue begins when Iago suggests to the wealthy playboy that he may be able to recover Desdemona by taking immediate strong action with her father against the general:    Call up her father,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Rouse him: make after him, poison his delight,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Proclaim him in the streets; incense her kinsmen,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   And, though he in a fertile climate dwell,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Plague him with flies: though that his joy be joy,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Yet throw such changes of vexation on't,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   As it may lose some colour. (1.1)    This incident leads to the public accusation against the Moor by Braban... ...her murdered mistress, resuscitates morality in this play. Emilia refutes the untrue notions which Othello says motivated him to kill; she counters Iago’s lies (â€Å"She give it Cassio? No, alas, I found it, / And I did give’t my husband.†) and lays the guilt for Desdemona’s murder on his shoulders. And she sacrifices her very life for the truth; she dies a martyr, stabbed by evil Iago. Othello also is a martyr in a sense, paying in full for the crime that he committed.    WORKS CITED    Coles, Blanche. Shakespeare’s Four Giants. Rindge, New Hampshire: Richard Smith Publisher, 1957.    Jorgensen, Paul A. William Shakespeare: The Tragedies. Boston: Twayne Publishers, 1985.    Shakespeare, William. Othello. In The Electric Shakespeare. Princeton University. 1996. http://www.eiu.edu/~multilit/studyabroad/othello/othello_all.html No line nos.